Commentary
Learning to See with Night Vision
Where scholarship meets technological innovation . . .
Commentary
Learning to See with Night Vision
Katherine Gasdaglis
California State Polytechnic University, USA
Gasdaglis, Katherine. 2026. “Learning to See with Night Vision.”
Journal of Philosophy of Emotion 8, no. 2: 8-19. https://doi.org/10.33497/2026.latesummer.2.
Abstract: Alessandri’s Night Vision argues that the negative moods and emotions, including anger, grief, depression, and anxiety, have moral and epistemic value and contribute meaning to our lives. The book aims to destigmatize and change our social responses to the negative emotions, both interpersonally and intrapersonally. I raise three sets of questions for this project. First, I point to a complication related to “uptake” of the negative moods and emotions, namely the basic economic fact that emotional work is work, which can be exploited and unjustly distributed, especially when disappeared. Second, I argue that a clear-eyed picture of our darker emotions should also factor in their aptness or inaptness. New scripts around the dark emotions should be alive to the possibility that they sometimes stem from gross, even dangerous, moral confusions. Third, I point to further questions around the medicalization of the dark moods, including the background question of ableism.
Keywords: night vision, emotional work, emotional labor, negative emotions, ableism, aptness, inaptness
Mariana Alessandri’s Night Vision challenges dominant narratives that tell us to “stay positive,” “look on the bright side,” or “keep calm and carry on.” Alessandri argues that negative emotions and moods such as anger, grief, depression, and anxiety have moral and epistemic value, as well as value for a meaningful human life. This book comes at an important moment in the philosophy of emotions, when negative emotions, like anger, contempt, hatred, shame, and disgust are receiving more serious philosophical attention (e.g., Brogaard 2020; Cherry 2021; Kelly 2011; Thomason 2018, 2023). Night Vision takes a synoptic and historically informed existentialist approach to our dark moods and emotions and constitutes a significant contribution to this philosophical trend. It is also frank, honest, and accessible to the broader public.
[page 8]
Drawing on work from feminist philosophers of Color and European existentialists, Alessandri aims to revalue our dark moods through a critique of dominant narratives. These narratives include, especially, what she calls the “light metaphor” (2023, 1) – our deeply entrenched associations of light with goodness, clarity, rationality, and the divine and darkness with evil, ignorance, irrationality, and the dangerous – and the “brokenness story” (2023, 8), which constructs negative moods as a sign of personal brokenness and implies that it is an internal defect in the emotional agent, not a problem with the world, that needs fixing. Alessandri argues that these dominant scripts shame us for feelings and moods that are universal parts of the human experience (2023, 95, 147), thus leading to isolation (2023, 101) and compounding their harms. In many ways this book aims to destigmatize the negative moods and emotions by reassessing their value and in-so-doing proposing new narratives. Alessandri’s ultimate goal is to change our social responses to our natural human darkness, both interpersonally and intrapersonally.
Alessandri’s conceptual needle is a fine one to thread. On the one hand, she means to honor the painfulness of the dark moods and avoid romanticizing them. On the other, she means to point to the positive value of our negative emotions morally, epistemically, and with respect to meaning in life. Dark moods, she argues, enable us to better recognize, have compassion for, and forge connections with other human beings who are in pain (2023, 99). They make us alive to existential truths about human finitude, alert us to injustices in the world, and are a conduit to self-knowledge. They are essential ingredients in the human experience and constitute part of what it means to be a human being. “With [Gloria] Anzaldua’s help,” as Alessandri puts it in one example, “my students can hate their depressive episodes and integrate the fact of their depression into the story of their lives” (2023, 128).
There is so much to admire and appreciate in this book. I have advised several of my undergraduate students to read it as part of their senior thesis research, as well as some of my closest friends who regularly suffer depression and anxiety. I also gave a copy to my mother, who has wrestled with the darkest of moods all her life, in the hopes that perhaps she might find peace in learning to sit with her own darkness.
In what follows, I raise three sets of questions related to the project of destigmatizing the negative emotions. First, I point to a complication related to how we “take up” (assess and respond to) negative moods and emotions, namely the basic economic fact that emotional work is work. Like so much other care work, emotional work also has significant economic value that, if disappeared, can be exploited and unjustly distributed. Second, I argue that a clear-eyed picture of our darker emotions should also factor in their aptness or inaptness. If the goal of the project is to forge new scripts around the dark emotions, or to change the ways we socially respond to each other, then it should also be alive to the possibility that the negative moods and emotions sometimes stem from gross, even dangerous, moral confusions. Third, I point to a few further questions for Alessandri’s critique of the medicalization of the dark moods, including the background question of ableism.
EMOTIONAL WORK IS WORK
Night Vision is in large part a critique of dominant reactions to the negative emotions, many of which lean dismissive, avoidant, or repressive. Where dominant narratives teach us not to burden others with
[page 9]
our pain, Alessandri argues that authentically expressing pain to another human being is an invitation to forge deeper, more meaningful forms of intimacy and human connection. Being vulnerable to another person, and having that person sit with our pain in turn, can deepen our relationships and be a foundation for a new kind of communion. Alessandri’s alternative narrative challenges the default tendency to stifle, repress, or “cure” our negative emotions.
First, I want to express my wholehearted agreement that sitting with the pain of another can be one of the most significant and meaningful expressions of love possible for us as human beings. Being vulnerable in sharing our pain is also a genuine expression of love. I might also add that it is a mark of moral courage and integrity to face pain, in ourselves and in others, without pretense.
Yet, as feminists from the Marxist and care-ethical traditions have argued, just as the work of child rearing is work even when it is lovingly done, and even if it is meaningful to the care worker, so is the emotional work of lovingly being there for those who share their pain with us also very much work (see, e.g., Federici 2025; Villa 2024; Taiwo 2020; Lise Vogel 2013; and Held 2005). Work’s being rewarding, personally meaningful, or done with love does not take away from its social, political, and economic value (see, especially, Federici 2025). If we miss the fact that emotional work has economic value, we risk missing several further significant economic facts: 1) emotional work is skilled work (which, is, moreover, necessary for the maintenance, reproduction, and transformation of society and hence deserving of compensation (e.g., Federici 2025) or other economic support (e.g., Vogel 2013 and Held 2005)); 2) emotional work can be quite costly to the worker, both in terms of direct costs and opportunity costs, especially over time (e.g., Held 2005); 3) emotional work is currently unfairly distributed across social groups, especially with respect to gender, race, class, and age (e.g., Villa 2024 and Taiwo 2020). I consider these points below.
Given the structure of our current social and economic institutions, much of this work gets foisted onto those closest to us, whether partners, friends, or other family members. It is thus often relegated to the “private” sphere and its economic value thereby discounted or fully disappeared. But emotional work, like other forms of care and domestic work, has fundamental political and economic value, in that it makes other forms of labor possible. It is absolutely necessary for child rearing and education, for the reproduction of relationships of all kinds (whether personal or public), and for the mental health and lives of workers. Much of the work of union organizing, for example, could be characterized as group emotion regulation. Organizers guide workers in cultivating their justified collective anger, focusing it on its proper target, and using it to motivate collective action.
Moreover, this work is skillful. As Alessandri notes, “It takes serious effort for someone we love to keep themselves tender-hearted enough to hold our pain, especially when they are not in pain” (2023, 66). But, depending on the intensity, unpredictability, or chronic nature of the emotional pain expressions in question, the work of managing the negative emotions, if done by unskilled workers, can be harmful to relationships. It can also be harmful to the mental and physical wellbeing of the emotional worker, especially in situations where the emotional agent has, for whatever reason, what psychologists call “dysregulated” emotions or what we might just describe as comparatively big emotions, which may be expressed at times in intense or even scary ways (see, e.g., D’Agostino et al. 2017; see also Bloch et al. 2014; Cheung et al. 2020; Xu et al. 2023). Mental healthcare professionals undergo significant training
[page 10]
to cultivate the skills required to sit with the emotional pain of their patients and to minimize the amount of harm they suffer from regularly doing this work. Because most of us never receive this kind of training, calling for new scripts or responses around this kind of work without underscoring the types of skills and risks involved threatens unintended consequences.
There is, moreover, little discussion in Night Vision of what it takes, or what it costs, to sit with the long-term pain of a spouse or child with major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety, or complicated grief. Facing the negative emotional expressions of a loved one over the long haul may, due to stress, lead to negative health outcomes (Meier et al. 2024). Research also suggests relationships between emotion dysregulation and marital dissatisfaction (Bloch et al. 2014), marital stress and increased morbidity and mortality ( e.g. Shrout 2021), and partner suffering and negative cardiovascular impact on the other partner (Schulz et al. 2009). Moreover, even when our negative emotions truly track the way the world is and are proportionate responses to its badness, the person to whom they are expressed may simply not have the emotional and interpersonal skills required to handle them.
There can also be risks to expressing care, or doing emotional work, depending on your social position. It is not unusual for men to misinterpret friendliness or kindness expressed by women as romantic interest (Bendixen 2014). In cases where the emotional agent in pain also suffers from a mental illness that leads to aggression, expressing care can be dangerous. Given these social realities, sometimes refusing to do the work of taking up the negative emotions of others and setting strict “boundaries” can be just as socially and politically urgent for some groups as revaluing the negative emotions is on the whole. Setting boundaries or refusing to do emotional work may be acts of resistance for some groups. Any theory of how we should take up and respond to the negative emotions of others must factor in the ways biases and other forms of oppression affect expectations around and perceptions of this uptake.
Similarly, we should factor in the disparate risks to emotional agents in expressing negative emotions, given the social conditions of the actual world. Alessandri recounts being able to form new connections with her father as he, for the first time in her life and due to the pain of a serious illness, was able to be vulnerable with her (Alessandri 2023, 69–71). This deeper form of connection had previously been stifled by the toxic masculine norms against expressing vulnerability that affected their familial dynamics. Alessandri’s example is meant to illustrate how meaningful and significant expressions of vulnerability can be for deepening close relationships. But in thinking about what it would mean to overhaul our relationships to our negative emotions we should also consider that these masculine norms, toxic though they are, are typically trained into boys’ and young mens’ bodies through bullying and physical violence. So, the fear of expressing vulnerability for men isn’t just about ego and feeling manly – although it is those things – it is also visceral and existential. So, the kinds of social changes we have to make to enable these connections might need to be more expansive, targeted, and contextualized than simply changing narratives.
Moreover, we should consider the ways in which women and people of Color must suppress expressions of negative emotions in the public domain, due to the risks of confirming stereotypes. White women risk confirming stereotypes of “hysteria” or “feminine weakness,” while Black and Brown folk risk confirming stereotypes related to “danger,” “criminality,” or “animality.” By expressing emotional pain,
[page 11]
marginalized groups also risk suffering penalties for confounding expectations around stereotypes, e.g., the stereotype of the “strong Black woman.” This is all to say that, in the interest of avoiding reinforcing stereotypes or facing significant penalties for confounding them, members of these groups often have to do the work of suppressing their negative emotions because the costs of expressing them are so high. If we mean to invite others to “see in the dark” with us, we must be alive to the dangers others face in openly expressing their emotional pain.
Under the nonideal conditions of our social world, emotional work is unfairly distributed across social groups. In the context of the family, women do the lion’s share of emotional work for their children and husbands (Costil 2024; Dean et al. 2022). In the workplace, workers must suppress their anger at the risk of losing their jobs, even under unjust working conditions. In the workplace women, especially women of Color, and especially older women of Color do more emotional work (An et al. 2024; Birze et al. 2020; Vincent & Braun 2013). In the university, women professors, especially women of Color professors, are disproportionately tasked with doing emotional labor for their students. Thus, the work of taking up the pain of others is already being done disproportionately by women, workers, and people of Color. Part of Alessandri’s point, I take it, although she does not put it this way, is that this work should be seen as highly valuable for the emotional agents who seek it out, for society on the whole, and for the emotional workers themselves. But, in calling for a new narrative around the negative emotions, it is also important to call for the fair distribution and economic support of emotional work.
One of Alessandri’s points, of course, is that we should all ideally be free and safe to feel, express, and take up the negative emotions. But given the biases involved in the uptake of emotions, the asymmetrical risks involved both to the emotional agents and to the emotional workers, depending on social positioning, and the existing unfair distribution of emotional work, learning to see in the dark must involve learning to see the ways the social world differentially influences and unjustly constrains our emotional psyches.
A FINER-GRAINED NIGHT VISION
The second question I want to raise for the call to cultivate emotional night vision is related to the justification and aptness of our negative emotions. While Alessandri makes some note of the impact of gender and racial norms on which negative emotions we feel comfortable expressing (2023 35–37, 80, 94), the message of Night Vision is largely a universal existentialist call to revalue and respond differently to negative moods and emotions in general. The universal claim is that negative emotions are an essential part of the human condition and valuable for us all. But I wonder whether the story we tell needs to be more fine-grained. That is, rather than just a general call to be more okay with our negative emotions and moods, perhaps we might also defend the importance of training up our emotional capacities to be more aptly sensitive to the way the world is and, in turn, to assign positive value to the emotions that are “getting it right,” while recognizing and strategically responding to those that are “getting it wrong” (see, e.g. Srinivasan 2018; Cherry 2021, 36–38). A finer-grained emotional capacity would also be sensitive to the ways the unjust social world differentially influences our angers, griefs, depressions, and anxieties. We should aim, for example, to recognize, learn from, and engage with the morally apt angers of those who face oppression, while at the same time learning to safely respond to the inapt angers of falsely entitled bullies.
[page 12]
Consider the angers of those who do not receive what they falsely believe they are entitled to, e.g. the anger expressed by Brett Kavanaugh during his confirmation process, or the anger expressed by incel Elliot Rodger in his disturbing YouTube videos and manifesto. The angers of these white men express false beliefs about entitlement to certain social goods and services based on the social group to which they belong (Manne 2017, 106–107). These angers are inapt because they are based on moral confusions.
Arguably, Elliot Rodger was also in the throes of despair, or deep emotional pain, when he went on his shooting spree through Isla Vista. While, in his disturbing YouTube videos, Rodger endorses toxic masculine norms and expresses grandiose assessments of his own attractiveness and value relative to other men, his falsely entitled anger is also very clearly mixed with incredible pain and loneliness. He was so deeply unhappy with his life that he shot and killed himself after killing six people and injuring fourteen (Elliot Rodger , 2018). From a moral and public-safety standpoint, it is important to be able to see the kind of pain people like Rodger are in before they hurt anyone, but we should not be confused about the meaning and value of this pain, shaped as it is through misogyny, classism, and white supremacy. The ways we take up, assess, and respond to the pain of someone like Rodger should be quite different from the ways we take up the pain expressed by those grieving the loss of loved ones who were his victims.
It's helpful to distinguish two broad kinds of values-related questions around the ways we should respond to each other’s negative moods. On the one hand are questions of the ideal virtue of emotional literacy and skillfulness. That is, other things equal, how would a skillful ( virtuous) agent respond to the emotional pain of another? Or, what does an ideal script look like for emotional literacy or intelligence? On the other hand are questions of how we should respond to the negative moods and emotions of others, under grossly nonideal social conditions. That is, given that emotional work is skilled, costly, and unjustly distributed, what should we do in particular cases?[1] Under the nonideal conditions of the actual world, I may very well see the emotional pain of another person and rightly reject the invitation to intimacy being offered to me, for reasons related to my own safety and wellbeing.
Consider Alessandri’s critical analysis of the case of Jodi (2023, 53).[2] Jodi is apprehensive about her chances of getting a decent job after staying home to raise a child for several decades. Jodi’s husband and son respond to her expressions of worry with what Alessandri identifies as toxic positivity. They tell her she just needs to get things going and it’ll all work out, she’ll see. In their response, there is a general dismissiveness of Jodi’s pain and a refusal to see the truth in Jodi’s concern. Alessandri argues that Jodi’s family would make her feel less alone if they instead leaned into the experience with her, made space for her to talk by asking her questions, and recognized and acknowledged the truth about the social world that Jodi’s pain is a response to.
Part of what is so troubling about the case is that Jodi’s family’s refusal to take up her negative emotion is also a refusal to recognize certain moral and political facts about the world. As Alessandri notes, the world really is unfair to middle-aged moms trying to reenter the workforce and Jodi’s pain is an apt response to this. Her husband and son ought to see her pain for what it is, namely a felt way of truly tracking the way the world is, i.e., apt.
But imagine a different kind of case. Perhaps Jodi’s white middle-aged husband is up for a new position at work, but the promotion goes to his younger Latina colleague, Ana. He is incredibly disappointed and angry that he didn’t get something he feels he deserved. At home over the dinner Jodi has prepared for him, he complains about “affirmative action” at work and speculates groundlessly that the promotion probably went to Ana because she slept with their manager, or because the manager is hoping to sleep with her, or maybe because the company is trying to project a “woke” image. In this case, Jodi’s
[page 13]
husband’s white male fragility and insecurity make him incapable of coping with the possibility that Ana might simply be more qualified than he is, or recognizing the reality that, under capitalism, workers are unfairly pitted against one another in what is passed off as a zero-sum game. Jodi’s husband has false beliefs about the social world and what he is entitled to in it, about who Ana is and what she deserves, and maybe even about the extent of his own abilities, which lead him to seethe with anger in the short term and, over time, let’s imagine, grow cynical, misanthropic, and depressed. What does Jodi owe to her husband in this case? How much of this pain should she sit with and take up? Maybe Jodi tries gently explaining these social realities to her husband and reassures him that he is worthy and loved no matter the job he does, but he cannot hear her.
This second example illustrates that part of the story we tell about the value of our negative emotions must make reference to their aptness under the nonideal conditions we live in. Jodi’s husband can’t authentically be vulnerable to Jodi because, perhaps, his self-regard, even his identity, is grounded in misogynistic, capitalist, white supremacist forms of social recognition.
FURTHER THOUGHTS ABOUT MEDICALIZATION
The third broad set of questions I want to raise are about the medicalization of negative moods. Alessandri argues that narratives that treat our dark moods as signs of individual brokenness lead to shame and further harm. Medicalizing our moods risks constructing the mood as a “defect” within the individual. “…We attribute depression to a person’s brain gone inexplicably awry,” she writes of the dominant medical story of depression, “instead of seeing it as one of the products of a twisted culture’s insistence that we whistle while we work ourselves to death” (2023, 130). Alessandri argues that the “chemical-imbalance” story, according to which dark moods are the result of a broken brain, and the CBT-story, according to which dark moods are the result of confused thought patterns that it is within the power of the emotional agent to change, both risk instantiating the brokenness story and can be doubly harmful, especially when treatments fail. Alessandri’s stance is not anti-medical, however, in that she means to leave space for medical treatments for those who benefit from them.
By way of further elaborating the nature of the potential harms of medicalization, it’s worth noting that the harms of medicalization are sometimes a science-outreach problem and sometimes a problem with the ways folk biases seep into the scientific and professional domains. For example, mental healthcare professionals do not reflectively endorse a simple chemical “imbalance” picture of mental illness – it has been thoroughly debunked – but it is still the dominant folk construction, and there is some evidence that this construction may seep into medical practice (Fellin et al. 2024). There is an obligation here on the part of medical practitioners to figure out effective forms of community outreach and to work to professionally employ their best scientific constructs (see, e.g., Grasswick 2010).
Night Vision would also have benefitted from some engagement with the question of ableism. Alessandri means to disrupt our associations of happiness with health and wellbeing. However, we should also be concerned to disrupt the association of health with the worth or value of a human being. As Kate Manne argues, someone’s being sick is not a reason to blame them or treat them as having less dignity or value than other human beings (2024, 58).
There is a helpful analogy to be drawn here with Manne’s project in Unshrinking . Manne is concerned to combat the “health-related panic” around fatness and fat bodies (2024, 37). Towards this end she conducts a careful review of the medical and scientific literature, to show that fat bodies can be healthy
[page 14]
bodies. But she also notes that there is a background moralism around health in general, in calling for “… a conversation that recognizes the complicated relationship between fatness and health, highlighting that fat bodies can be healthy, without insisting that fat people must be healthy in order to be valid” (2024, 37). There is a similar kind of panic around the negative moods and mental health. So similarly, we might say, whether or not chronic depression and anxiety should ultimately be viewed as mental illnesses, being ill is not a reason to blame, devalue, or treat a person as broken.
The discussion of the medicalization of our dark moods also brings the delicacy of Alessandri’s project into sharpest relief. It is here that the conceptual needle to be threaded is finest. She suggests (1) that the medicalization of our dark moods can be problematic, but that we (2) should retain certain medical treatments for those who are debilitated by emotional pain and want to suffer less. She also means (3) to deny, at the level of social norms, zeitgeist, ideology, or discourse, that these moods are fundamentally to be avoided, prevented, or cured , because they are a ubiquitous part of the human experience and have positive intrinsic and instrumental value. She suggests that we, “Turn toward our anxiety rather than away from it” (2023, 149); but she also means (4) to honor the absolute misery that can come from unrelenting negative moods and can lead to self-harm, violence, and suicide.
To put the point coarsely, Alessandri wants to say, yes, emotional pain hurts, sometimes terribly, sometimes it even kills, but that doesn’t mean we should shun it. Nor should we concoct stories in which we are justified in shunning it. This is a fine needle to thread conceptually because of the widespread intuition that pain is bad, and that we should do our best – morally and medically – to minimize it. But I think she is right to try.
[page 15]
Notes
[1] This distinction between ideal and nonideal emotional skillfulness is inspired by Macalester Bell’s (2009), distinction between ideal and nonideal virtues.
[2] The case is originally taken from the work of Martin Seligman (1995, pp. 100–102).
[page 16]
References
Alessandri, Marianna. 2023. Night Vision. Princeton: Princeton University Press. https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691215457/night-vision.
An, Brian Y., Cynthia J. Barboza-Wilkes, and William G. Resh. 2024. “Applying an Intersectional Understanding of Extra Work Behavior and Emotional Exhaustion in Local Public Service.” Public Administration 102 (4): 1578–1603. https://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12989.
Bell, Macalester. 2009. “Anger, Virtue, and Oppression.” In Feminist Ethics and Social and Political Philosophy: Theorizing the Non-Ideal, edited by Lisa Tessman, 165–83. London: Springer.
Bendixen, Mons. 2014. “Evidence of Systematic Bias in Sexual Over- and Underperception of Naturally Occurring Events: A Direct Replication of Haselton (2003) in a More Gender-Equal Culture.” Evolutionary Psychology 12 (5): 1004–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/147470491401200510.
Birze, Arija, Vicki LeBlanc, Cheryl Regehr, Elise Paradis, and Gillian Einstein. 2020. “The ‘Managed’ or Damaged Heart? Emotional Labor, Gender, and Posttraumatic Stressors Predict Workplace Event-Related Acute Changes in Cortisol, Oxytocin, and Heart Rate Variability.” Frontiers in Psychology 11 (April):604. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00604.
Bloch, Lian, Claudia M. Haase, and Robert W. Levenson. 2014. “Emotion Regulation Predicts Marital Satisfaction: More than a Wives’ Tale.” Emotion 14 (1): 130–44. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034272.
Brogaard, Berit. 2020. Hatred: Understanding Our Most Dangerous Emotion. New York: Oxford University Press.
Cherry, Myisha. 2021. The Case for Rage: Why Anger Is Essential to Anti-Racist Struggle. New York: Oxford University Press.
Cheung, Rebecca Y. M., Long Yin Chan, and Kevin K. H. Chung. 2020. “Emotion Dysregulation between Mothers, Fathers, and Adolescents: Implications for Adolescents’ Internalizing Problems.” Journal of Adolescence 83 (August):62–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.07.001.
Costil, Leila. 2024. “‘You Should Have Asked’: The Mental Load in Relationships.” Women in Business (blog). 2024.https://www.sciencespo.fr/women-in-business/en/news/you-should-have-asked-the-mental-load-n-relationships.
D’Agostino, Alessandra, Serena Covanti, Mario Rossi Monti, and Vladan Starcevic. 2017. “Reconsidering Emotion Dysregulation.” Psychiatric Quarterly 88 (4): 807–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-017-9499-6.
Dean, Liz, Brendan Churchill, and Leah Ruppanner. 2022. “The Mental Load: Building a Deeper Theoretical
[page 17]
Understanding of How Cognitive and Emotional Labor Overload Women and Mothers.” Community, Work & Family, January. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13668803.2021.2002813.
“Elliot Rodger: How Misogynist Killer Became ‘Incel Hero.’” 2018, April 25, 2018. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-43892189.
Federici, Silvia. 2025. “Wages Against Housework.” In Feminist Studies. Routledge.
Fellin, Lisa C., Ekaterina Zizevskaia, and Laura Galbusera. 2024. “Is the Mainstream Construction of Mood Disorders Resistant to Systemic Thinking?” Frontiers in Psychiatry 14 (January):1270027. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1270027.
Grasswick, Heidi E. 2010. “Scientific and Lay Communities: Earning Epistemic Trust through Knowledge Sharing.” Synthese 177 (3): 387–409. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-010-9789-0.
Held, Virginia. 2005. The Ethics of Care: Personal, Political, and Global. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0195180992.001.0001.
Kelly, Daniel R. 2011. Yuck! The Nature and Moral Significance of Disgust. London: MIT Press.
Manne, Kate. 2017. Down Girl: The Logic of Misogyny. New York: Oxford University Press.
———. 2024. Unshrinking: How to Face Fatphobia. New York: Crown Publishing Group . https://www.nationalbook.org/books/unshrinking-how-to-face-fatphobia/.
Meier, Tabea, Jacquelyn E. Stephens, and Claudia M. Haase. 2024. “Feelings in Words: Emotion Word Use and Cardiovascular Reactivity in Marital Interactions.” Emotion 24 (3): 733–44. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001299.
Schulz, Richard, Scott R. Beach, Randy S. Hebert, Lynn M. Martire, Joan K. Monin, Connie A. Tompkins, and
Steven M. Albert. 2009. “Spousal Suffering and Partner’s Depression and Cardiovascular Disease: The Cardiovascular Health Study.” The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 17 (3): 246–54. https://doi.org/10.1097/JGP.0b013e318198775b.
Seligman, Martin E. P., Karen Reivich, Lisa Jaycox, and Jane Gillham. 1995. The Optimistic Child. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Company.
Shrout, M. Rosie. 2021. “The Health Consequences of Stress in Couples: A Review and New Integrated Dyadic Biobehavioral Stress Model.” Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health 16 (August):100328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100328.
Srinivasan, Amia. 2018. “The Aptness of Anger.” Journal of Political Philosophy 26 (2): 123–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopp.12130.
Táíwò, Olúfẹ́mi O. 2020. “Stoicism (as Emotional Compression) Is Emotional Labor.” Feminist Philosophy Quarterly 6 (2). https://doi.org/10.5206/fpq/2020.2.8217.
Thomason, Krista K. 2018. Naked: The Dark Side of Shame and Moral Life. New York: Oxford University Press.
———. 2023. Dancing with the Devil: Why Bad Feelings Make Life Good. New York: Oxford University Press.
Villa, Katherine. 2024. “Affective Injustice and Responsibility for Emotion Regulation.” Feminist Philosophy Quarterly 10 (1/2). https://ojs.lib.uwo.ca/index.php/fpq/article/view/18725.
Vincent, Carol, and Annette Braun. 2013. “Being ‘fun’ at Work: Emotional Labour, Class, Gender and Childcare.” British Educational Research Journal 39 (4): 751–68.
Vogel, Lise, Susan Ferguson, and David McNally. 2013. Marxism and the Oppression of Women: Toward a Unitary Theory. Haymarket Books.
Xu, Min, Lee N. Johnson, Shayne R. Anderson, Quintin Hunt, Angela B. Bradford, Alyssa Banford Witting,
Roy Bean, and Rick B. Miller. 2023. “Emotion Dysregulation and Couple Relationship Satisfaction of Clinical Couples: An Actor-Partner Interdependence Model.” Family Process 62 (4): 1555–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12828.
[page 18]
Katherine Gasdaglis © 2026
Author email: klgasdaglis[at]cpp[dot]edu